Ancient DNA analysis
نویسندگان
چکیده
Although the first ancient DNA molecules were extracted more than three decades ago, nuclear genomes could only be characterized after high-throughput sequencing was invented. Genome-scale data have now been gathered from thousands of archaeological specimens, and number biological tissues amenable to genome is growing steadily. Ancient fragments are typically ultrashort carry extensive amounts chemical damage accumulated death. Their extraction, manipulation authentication require specific experimental wet-laboratory dry-laboratory procedures before patterns genetic variation past individuals, populations species can interpreted. help address an entire array questions in anthropology, evolutionary biology environmental sciences. The revealed a considerably dynamic previously appreciated revolutionized our understanding many major prehistoric historic events. This Primer provides overview concepts state-of-the-art methods underlying analysis illustrates diversity resulting applications. article also addresses some ethical challenges associated with destructive irreplaceable material, emphasizes need fully involve archaeologists stakeholders as part research design analytical process, discusses future perspectives. outlines best ways find, handle analyse various sources. authors summarize considerations importance working closely all stakeholders, including archaeologists, curators descendant communities.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature Reviews Methods Primers
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2662-8449']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43586-020-00011-0